Dialysis Patients – What You Need to Know

If you or a loved one is on dialysis, the routine can feel overwhelming. The good news is that a few simple habits can make the whole process smoother and keep you feeling better between sessions. Below are practical pointers that work for most people on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.

Daily Care Basics

First, stick to your treatment schedule. Missing a session can cause fluid buildup, high blood pressure, and fatigue. Set a reminder on your phone and keep your dialysis center’s contact info handy in case you need to reschedule.

Second, watch the site where you dialyze. For peritoneal dialysis, clean the catheter exit site every day with mild soap and follow the doctor’s dressing instructions. For hemodialysis, check the needle sites for redness or swelling after each session and tell your nurse if something looks off.

Third, keep a log of your weight, blood pressure, and any symptoms like cramps or shortness of breath. This information helps your care team adjust the dialysis dose and catch problems early.

Managing Diet and Fluids

Fluid limits are a common source of anxiety. Your nephrologist will give you a daily fluid allowance based on your weight and urine output. A practical trick is to sip water throughout the day rather than gulping large amounts at once. If you’re thirsty, chew ice chips or suck on sugar‑free gum.

Salt is another biggie. Too much sodium makes you retain water, which forces the dialyzer to work harder. Aim for less than 2,300 mg of sodium a day – that’s about one teaspoon of table salt. Choose fresh or frozen vegetables over canned ones, and read nutrition labels for hidden salt in sauces and soups.

Potassium and phosphorus also need attention. High potassium can cause dangerous heart rhythms, while excess phosphorus weakens bones. Foods low in potassium include apples, berries, white rice, and pasta. For phosphorus, limit dairy, nuts, and processed meats. Your dietitian can give you a personalized food list that fits your taste.

Lastly, protein is essential because dialysis removes some of it. Include high‑quality protein like eggs, fish, chicken, or tofu in each meal. Most patients need about 1.2 g of protein per kilogram of body weight daily – your nutrition guide will have the exact number.

By keeping a steady schedule, watching the access site, and mastering fluid and food choices, you’ll reduce complications and feel more energetic. Remember, small changes add up, and your health team is there to help you fine‑tune the plan. Keep asking questions, track your progress, and don’t hesitate to reach out when something feels off – that’s how you stay on top of dialysis care.